大庆和辽河油浆窄馏分的性质及组成

以大庆和辽河油浆为研究对象 ,采用超临界流体萃取分馏技术将其切割成窄馏分 ,分析了油浆窄馏分的性质及组成随收率变化的规律。研究表明 ,随累积萃取收率的增加 ,大庆和辽河油浆窄馏分的密度、粘度、折光率、硫含量及芳碳率呈增大趋势 ,油浆窄馏分的相对分子质量分布较窄 ( 3 0 0～ 4 0 0 )。窄馏分中的金属含量没有被检出 ,表明超临界流体萃取分馏将重金属浓缩于萃取残余物中。大庆、辽河油浆分别在累积萃取收率达 70 %和 2 5 %后 ,窄馏分中的芳香分含量超过饱和分且迅速增加 ,而饱和分含量相应下降。两种油浆的胶质含量基本相同 ,且呈缓慢递增趋势。在相同累积收率时 ,辽河油浆窄馏分的芳碳率远大于大庆油浆窄馏分

PROPERTIES AND COMPONENTS OF NARROW FRACTIONS OF DAQING AND LIAOHE DECANTED OILS

Supercritical fluid extraction and fractionation (SFEF) are used to separate Daqing and Liaohe decanted oils into a number of narrow fractions. The density, viscosity, refractive index, molecular weight and sulfur amount of the fractions are on the increase with the increasing cumulative yield, while their molecular weight exhibits a narrow distribution from 300 to 400. The metals have not been found in the narrow fractions of two feeds, which illustrates that SFEF effectively traps the metals in the unextractable endcuts. As the cumulative yield reaches 70% for Daqing decanted oil or 25% for Liaohe feed, the content of aromatics exceeds that of saturates and goes up rapidly while the saturates drop down by the same level. The resin contents are about the same for fractions of two feeds and increase gradually. The aromatic factors of Liaohe decanted oil are much higher than those of Daqing decanted oil at the same cumulative yield.