石油污染对土壤渗透性的影响研究

 选择砂土和壤土2种土壤及柴油和原油2种油品类型，通过室内渗透试验研究了不同污染程度的油污土壤的渗透性能。试验结果表明，柴油污染清洁砂土后，可使砂土渗透系数降低64%左右；原油含量大于2%时，砂土的渗透系数降低了一个数量级；8%含油率的柴油污染壤土的渗透系数比清洁壤土降低了97%左右；壤土中原油含量为8%时，其渗透系数为5×10^-7cm/s左右，比同一干密度（1.57g/cm³）清洁壤土的渗透系数降低了两个数量级，含油量增大，其渗透性能更差。无论对于砂土还是壤土，原油引起的渗透系数的降低比柴油显著，主要是因为原油的粘滞系数大大高于柴油的粘滞系数。

Influence of Oil Pollution on the Permeability of Soils

The permeability can be changed when the soil is contaminated by oil pollutants, which can influence the transport of water or solute in the soil water system. Sand and loam soil were taken as soil samples, diesel oil and crude oil as oil samples, then the permeability of oil-contaminated soils with different pollution extents was studied. The permeability coefficient of sand reduces by about 64% when the sand is contaminated by diesel oil and that of sand reduces by 1 order magnitude when crude oil content is higher than 2%. The permeability coefficient of loam soil with 8% of diesel oil content reduces by 97% compared with clean loam soil, while that of loam soil with 8% of oil content is 5×10^-7cm/s, which is 2 order magnitude smaller than that of clean loam soil with the same dry density of 1.57 g/cm³. When the crude oil content is higher, the permeability of loam soil becomes worse. Regardless of sand or loam soil, the decrease of permeability coefficient induced by crude oil is greater than by diesel oil, which is due to the higher viscosity of crude oil.