中国栎林生态服务功能评估

 森林生态服务功能评估是科学认识森林，实现人与森林和谐发展的基础。虽然国内外研究已有30多年历史，但至今还未有多数人认可的评估指标体系和评估方法。为此在2008年国家林业局颁布的中华人民共和国林业行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》（LY/T 1721-2008）标准的框架下，采用中国森林生态系统定位研究网络（CFERN）台站多年连续观测数据和森林资源清查数据及公共数据对中国栎林生态服务功能物质量和价值量进行了详细的动态评估。结果表明：“九五”期间中国栎林生态系统服务功能年均总价值为1475 8万亿元，年均单位面积价值为7987 2万元·hm-2；“十五”期间生态服务功能年均总价值1397 1万亿元，年均单位面积价值为7668 9万元·hm-2，年均涵养水源70681亿m3，固土582亿t，固碳094亿t，生产有利于人体健康的负离子185×1013亿个，吸收二氧化硫1586亿kg，滞尘3 8391717亿kg。在中国栎林分布的27个省份中，生态服务功能物质量受益最大的省份是黑龙江省，收益最小的省份是青海省。生态服务功能总价值最大的省份是云南省，最小的是陕西省。

The Oakery Forest Ecosystem Services Evaluation in China

The forest ecosystem services evaluation is basis that knows better forest and harmonious development that human being with forest. So far there is not unitary evaluation indices system and evaluation method, though the history of forest ecosystem services evaluation research has more than 30 years. Base on the evaluation criterion of forest ecosystem services that is promulgate by State Forestry Administration, P.R.China, and observation data of Chinses Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN) stations that continuous observed with many years and inventory data, the detailed and dynamic evaluation of Chinese pine forest ecosystem services in China on quantity in kind and value were done. The results showed that the total value of Chinese pine forest ecosystem services in China in the period of “The Ninth Five Plan” was 148×1012 Yuan（RMB）a year, the average value was 79 872 Yuan·hm-2·a-1. The total value of Chinese pine forest ecosystem services in China in the period of “The Tenth Five Plan” was 140×1012 Yuan（RMB）a year, the average value was 76 689 Yuan·hm-2·a-1. In the period of “The Tenth Five Plan”, the oakery forest ecosystem services in China conserved water 707×1010 m3, protected soil 582×108 t, fixed carbon 094×108 t, produced anion 185×1021 absorbed SO2 159×109 kg, retarded dustfall 384×1011 kg. Along 27 provinces that have oakery forest, the maximum quantity in kind benefit province from oakery forest ecosystem services is Heilongjiang province, the minimum quantity in kind benefit province from oakery forest ecosystem services is Qinghai province; The maximum at total value is Yunnan province, the minimum is Shanxi province.