银胶菊在不同入侵生境中的繁殖特征

 对银胶菊 Parthenium hysterophorus L. 在耕地、草地、疏林及公路旁 4个入侵生境中的种群密度、花序数量特征、种子产量、种子千粒质量等进行了调查分析。结果表明: 不同生境中银胶菊的密度、头状花序数、结实率、种子产量和种子千粒质量存在不同程度的差异; 密度变化范围为 （10±2）~（80±24） 株/m2; 头状花序变异范围为 （2 618±843）~（14 539±3 296） 个/m2; 平均结实率为 （43.8±5.6）%~（82.5±2.2）%; 平均种子产量的变异范围为 （10 308±1 036）~（60 361±14 661） 粒/m2; 种子千粒质量为（0.34±0.06）~（0.46±0.01） g。其中, 生于公路旁生境的种群, 密度最大, 但结实率和种子千粒质量最小; 生于耕地和疏林下的种群, 密度较小, 但结实率和种子千粒质量却最大。根据繁殖特征, 探讨了银胶菊在不同生境中的入侵能力与适应性。

Reproductive Characters of Parthenium Weed under Different Environments

The characters of population density, capitulum number, seed production and 1 000 seed weight about Parthenium weed under different environments including crop land, grazing land, sparse forest and roadside were studied in this paper. The results showed that the characters above all of Parthenium weed under different environments were various. The population density ranged from（10±2）~（80±24）/m2, capitulum number ranged from（2 618±843）~(14 539±3 296)/m2, seed percentage range from (43.8±5.6)%~(82.5±2.2)%, seed production ranged from（10 308±1 036）~（60 361±14 661）/m2, 1 000 seed weight ranged from (0.34±0.06〖DK〗)~〖DK〗(0.46±0.01) g. To the population along the roadside, the density was the maximum while seed percentage and 1 000 seed weight was the minimum. In vitro, to the population distributed in crop land and sparse forest, the density was the minimum while seed percentage and 1 000 seed weight was the maximum. The invasive ability and adaptation of Parthenium hysterophorus to environment were discussed in this paper according to reproductive characters.