Immobilization of cross-linked In-doped Mo(O,S)2 on cellulose nanofiber for effective organic-compound degradation under visible light illumination |
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Authors: | Hairus Abdullah Chi-Ning Hsu Hardy Shuwanto Noto Susanto Gultom Worku Lakew Kebede Chang-Mou Wu Chiu-Chun Lai Ri-Ichi Murakami Masayuki Hirota Antonio Norio Nakagaito Dong-Hau Kuo |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan;2. Department of Textile Engineering, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 11114, Taiwan;3. New Material Research & Development Department, Frontier Materials Laboratories, Osaka Gas Chemicals Co., Ltd. 5-11-61 Torishima, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-0051, Japan;4. Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minami Josanjima-cho, 770-8506 Tokushima, Japan |
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Abstract: | Relatively small amounts of In-doped Mo(O,S)2 (IMS) catalysts (10%, 20%, and 30%) were deposited on cellulose nanofiber (CNF) by cross-linking them with functional groups of siloxane and epoxy to form CNF-IMS hybrid composites. The as-prepared hybrid composites were characterized and tested their performances toward the photo degradations of cationic (MB and RhB) and anionic (MO) dyes. As indium was doped into Mo(O,S)2 lattice to form solid-solution, the charge transfer and photocarrier separation during the catalytic reaction were simultaneously enhanced as probed with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements, respectively. To ensure the catalyst on CNF was well deposited and recyclable, the hybrid composite was evaluated with a reusability experiment to show the stability performance in degrading organic dyes. It was found the environmentally friendly CNF-IMS hybrid composite was relatively stable during the reusability experiment, indicating no catalyst powder was leached out during the photocatalytic reaction. The photoreaction mechanism was convinced by radical-scavenging experiments to show that hydroxyl and superoxide played essential roles for the organic dye degradations in visible-light illuminated conditions. The cross-linked organic/inorganic hybrid catalyst showed a prospective visible light active material not only to solve the environmental issue due to the leaching of nanoparticles but also to lower the post-treatment/recycling cost of photocatalyst in industrial application. |
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Keywords: | Cellulose nanofiber Cross-linking Organic dye degradation |
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