考虑空气垂直湍流热交换和空气水平流动热交换的近地层空气温度计算模型

为了解决城市区域近地层空气温度计算问题，将近地层空气在垂直方向上划分为若干层，针对每一层空气建立能量平衡方程，在方程中考虑了垂直方向上的湍流热交换作用和水平方向上的来流空气热交换作用，通过与下垫面和建筑墙面能量方程的联合求解可以得到近地层空气温度的垂直分布。采用广州地区小尺度区域（水平范围小于500米）和大尺度区域（水平范围大于1000米）夏季的测试结果对模型计算结果进行验证。结果表明，该模型计算结果与测试结果比较接近，比较样本中最大平均相对误差为3.62%。因此，该模型在预测城市区域近地层空气温度方面具有一定的准确性，可以用于城市热岛和热环境的理论分析工作。

Near ground air temperature calculation model based on vertical turbulent heat transfer and horizontal air flow heat transfer

In order to solve the problem of air temperature calculation, near ground air was divided in to several layers. Heat balance equations were developed to each air layer. In the equation, turbulent heat transfer in vertical direction and air flow heat transfer in horizon direction were taken into account. Near ground air temperature can be obtained through coupled calculating with those heat balance equations of underlying surfaces and building walls. Measured air temperature of small area (horizontal scale less than 500 m) and large area (horizontal scale greater than 1000 m) in Guangzhou summer were used to validate this model. Verification results showed that theoretical value calculated was close to the value measured. The maximum relative error of calculation from the tested results was 3.62%. So this model was of high efficiency and of high accuracy, and it was an effective method to analyze the urban heat island and thermal environment.