水稻栽培稻分类研究的现状与展望

简述了稻属、栽培稻种分类研究的现状,我国栽培稻种主要分类系统及籼、粳亚种的鉴别方法.全世界稻属植物的种共归纳为22个种,分属9个染色体组;栽培稻在亚种分级上主要可分为籼、粳两亚种或籼、粳和爪哇三个亚种,多数学者倾向于只分籼、粳两个亚种;亚种以下可分为生态群、生态型、品种或生态群、生态型、变种和品种,生态群、生态型的性状和指标不一,尚未统一;在分类方法上主要以形态特征,杂交亲和力,同工酶和植物学性状综合数值等来划分,而籼粳分子水平上的鉴别与分类也开始得到应用.栽培稻亚种间亲缘关系、亲和性及其与杂种优势的关系仍然是栽培稻分类研究的主要方向.

Review of Classification of Oryza Sativa L.and its Prospect

The status of classification system of Oryza L. and Oryza Sativa L.the main systems of Oryza Sativa L. were reviewed, as well as identification methods of indica and japonica in China.The wo id rice species were classified as 22 species with 9 genomes and indica, Japonica or indica, Japonia and javanica for subspecies in cutivated rice. There were ecogroup, ecotype and variety or ecogreup,ecotype,variety and cultivar in further classification from subspecies.Mothods for criterion of identification were mainly based on morphological characters,cross- compatibility,isozayme and characterization data ect, while the molecular marker only started to apply in o identification of indica and japonica type. The relationship between commpatibility and heterosis of subspecies in cultivated rice was still the oriental of study for classification of cultivated rice.