新疆主要土壤物理性状空间分布及其气候影响分析

依据新疆33个农业气象观测站（点）2006～2007年实测的0～50em土层土壤水文物理常数资料以及各站多年平均气候资料。综合分析了各常数的空间分布特征、相互间的关系以及各常数与年平均气温、年降水量的统计关系。结果表明，在新疆区域内，1）土壤容重具有南疆〉北疆〉天山山区的分布特征，田间持水量和凋萎湿度具有南疆〈北疆〈天山山区分布格局；2）各土壤水文物理常数两两之间均具有极显著的对数型回归关系，其中，土壤容重与田间持水量、土壤容重与凋萎湿度间呈负相关关系，而田间持水量与凋萎湿度间呈正相关关系；3）各常数与年平均气温和年降水量之间也具有显著的统计关系，其中，土壤容重与气温呈正相关关系，田间持水量、凋萎湿度与气温呈负相关关系；土壤容重与年降水量呈负相关关系，但田间持水量、凋萎湿度与年降水量呈正相关关系。

Analysis on Main Soil Hydro-Physical Characteristic and Its Climate Causes in Xinjiang

Based on the soil hydrologic physical constant data, such as field capacity, soil unit weight, writing moisture and average years climate data observed by the 33 agrometeorological stations in Xinjiang, the spatial distribution characteristic of every constant, the relation between any two constants and the relation of constants with average annual temperature and annual precipitation are analyzed. The main results showed ： 1） the soil hydrologic physical constant has obvious regional differences in Xinjiang, in general, soil unit weight of the southern Xinjiang 〉 northern 〉 the Tianshan mountains, and the field capacity and the wilting humidity of the southern Xinjiang 〈 northern 〈 Tianshan Mountains;2）every soil hydrologic physical constant has extremely prominent return to the relation of logarithm types,which match along with pairwise, among them, present negative correlation among soil unit weight and field capacity and wilting moisture ; 3 ） in Xinjiang region, they have remarkable statistical relation that every soil hydrologic physical constant and the annual average temperature and the annual average precipitation. Among them, the soil unit weight was positively correlated with temperature, the field capacity and the wilting moisture were negatively correlated with temperature. The soil unit weight was negatively correlated with the annual precipitation, but the field capacity and the wilting humidity were positively correlated with precipitation.