笼养条件下两种鼠春季昼夜的活动节律比较

研究鼠类活动节律,对于更有效地控制和综合治理鼠害具有重要意义。采用计算机红外监控技术,对从野外捕获的3只黑线姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)和5只社鼠(Niviventer confucianus)在笼养条件下的活动节律进行19次昼夜记录观察。结果表明,两者均在夜间活动,但黑线姬鼠的活动主要在20:00-3:00,且分别在22:00和2:00有两个活动高峰;社鼠活动主要在19:00-6:00,其活动频次的高峰在清晨4:00-6:00,活动时间高峰在22:00。两种鼠的活动频次高峰和活动时间高峰均相反,这是鼠类活动节律的种间差异,也可能是两者在同一生境中存在的一种适应形式。但两种鼠之间的活动频次和活动时间的量没有显著的差异。另外,社鼠雌、雄两性间活动节律也有所不同。

Circadian Activity Rhythm of the Two Kinds of Rodents in Captive in Spring

The studies on the activity rhythm of rats have an important significance to the effective prevention of rat damage as well as the comprehensive measures in controlling rats.We have carried out 19 observations for the circadian activity rhythm of 5 Niviventer confucianus and 3 Apodemus agrarius in captive from the field in the suburb of Hangzhou by an infrared monitor system.The result shows that both kinds of rats are active mainly at night-time.The Apodemus agrarius are mainly in activity from 20:00 to 3:00 with two peaks around 22:00 and 2:00 respectively.The Niviventer confucianus are mainly in activity from 19:00 to 6:00,with the peak of active rate at 4:00-6:00 and the peak of active duration at 22:00.The opposite of the peaks of activity rate and activity duration between two kinds of rats,which showed the discrepancy of interspecies of rats in the activity rhythm and probably resulted from their ways to adaptation in the(identical) habitat.Yet the amount of activity rate and active time between the two kinds of rats does not present marked divergence.Besides,there are somewhat different between male and female of Niviventer confucianus in circadian activity rhythm,too.