称重式降水传感器测量误差变化研究

为研究自动气象站称重式降水传感器测量误差的变化规律，提出了一种通过依次添加砝码准确模拟降水量，从而实现现场校准的方法。对2019—2021年传感器现场校准数据进行统计，基于历史校准数据设计了一种计算称重式降水传感器偏离程度及其变化趋势的方法，根据历史校准数据得到传感器偏离程度变化模型。结果表明，现阶段传感器测量误差范围及观测数据质量整体受控可控，总体偏离程度为标准值的2.1%,且逐年增长0.1%。该研究可为气象传感器的测量误差预测、寿命预测提供参考。

Research on measurement error variation of a weighing precipitation sensor

This paper proposes a field calibration method via standard weights accumulation to study the variation trend of the measurement error of the weighing precipitation sensor in an automatic meteorological station. Herein, the field calibration data of sensors from 2019 to 2021 are analyzed. Further, a calculation method is presented for measuring the error deviation degree and its variation trend with respect to the weighing precipitation sensor. The variation model of sensor deviation is obtained on the basis of the historical calibration data. The results show that the measurement error range and observation data quality are controllable. The overall deviation degree of the sensor is 2.1% of the standard value and its increase is 0.1% per year. This study can provide reference for predicting measurement errors and durability of meteorological sensors.