电动公交车线路和充电设施及策略规划方法研究

针对电动公交车充电设施配置不合理的现象,对电动公交车线路和充电设施及策略规划方法进行研究。综合考虑充电站及充电桩配置与公交线路运营特征设计参数两者的相互影响,以充电等待时间和运力为约束条件,建立社会福利最大化模型。基于两种不同的充电策略,讨论其对充电站内车辆排队充电等待时间的影响。以拉格朗日函数求解算法和遗传算法对模型进行求解,并以苏州市931路纯电动公交线路为算例对模型与算法进行了验证。研究结果表明,相比于遗传算法,基于拉格朗日函数的求解算法效率更高,求解结果更稳定。根据所构建模型设计的充电桩数量及线路运营特征参数,在满足充电等待时间约束的条件下可以实现社会福利最大。该研究所提出的模型可为电动公交车线路规划提供决策依据。

Planning of the electric bus line and charging facilities and strategies

Because of the unreasonable configuration of the electric bus charging facilities, research has been conducted to investigate the electric bus lines, charging facilities, and strategic planning methods. Further, a social welfare maximization model has been established by considering the charging waiting time and capacity as constraints based on the interaction between the charging station and the charging pile configuration as well as the design parameters of the bus line operation characteristics. The effect of waiting time on the queued charging time of the vehicle in the charging station is discussed in two different charging strategies. Further, the Lagrangian function algorithm and genetic algorithm are used for solving the model. The model and the algorithm are verified by considering the No. 931 pure electric bus line in Suzhou as an example. The results denote that the algorithm based on the Lagrangian function is more efficient than the genetic algorithm and that its result is more stable when compared with that of the genetic algorithm. Using a design based on the constructed model, the number of charging piles and the operating characteristic parameters of the bus line can achieve considerable social welfare for satisfying the charging waiting time constraint. The model proposed in this study can provide a decision making basis for planning the electric bus routes.