地理研究的实验方法：从实体缩微到计算机模拟

地理学的实验方法先后经历了实体缩微模拟，数学实验、GIS分析、分形和细胞自动机（CA）模拟等几个阶段，最后众流归一，发展成为以GIS为技术支持，以分形和CA为理论核心的综合集成模拟方法，连实体“缩微”也以数字高程模型（DEM）的形式融汇于新的集成体系之中。从发展前景看来，GIS与CA的技术链接和基于GIS-CA的多重智能体系（MAS）将是重要的发展方向。此外，神经网络（NN）和基因算法（GA）将会与CA模拟技术结合，形成全新的智能化模拟技术。

Experimental methods of geographical researches:from modeling material objects to computer simulation

The experimental methods of geographical researches has different stages of development which are:1.Modelling macro material objects in micro scales;2.Mathematical experiments;3.Analyses of geographical information systems (GIS);4.Fractal and cellular automata (CA)simulation.In the end,all the methods mentioned above reach the same goal by different routes:computer based simulation.We presented that it is the main stream in the future for geographic simulation to develop metasynthetic technique by integrating GIS and CA models,and making use of artificial neural nets(ANN),genetic algorithms(GA),etc,especially utilizing the multiagent system (MAS),which maybe intellecutalize our computer based simulation systems.