南海海水腐蚀站站位变迁对腐蚀及生物污损的影响初探

为研究实海试验站建设存在的问题,结合南海榆林试验站50多年的运行情况和新建南海三亚试验站近几年的试验,对污损群落的组成变化及对金属腐蚀的影响进行初步梳理和讨论。对海港试验站及海港试验3点初步体会如下:(1)海洋腐蚀受污损生物左右,污损生物种类和数量对不同金属的腐蚀产生较大影响;(2)海洋腐蚀试验站不仅要考虑海域(黄海、东海、南海等),同时要考虑到与污损生物有关的水体环境分类影响。在同一海区,又可因污损生物因素分为港湾型、近岸型、河口型。榆林港属于港湾型,新建的三亚站属于近岸型,榆林站的腐蚀实验结果和新站的完全不同;(3)新建海洋腐蚀试验站要进行该站海域的污损生物调查和评估,生物因素和物理、化学因素同等重要。因此,在进行实海试验时,除标明海区,还需要标明生物分类区。

Preliminary Study on Corrosion and Biofouling Influenced by Position Change of the South China Sea Seawater Corrosion Station

Combined with the Yulin station 50 years of trial operation and the Sanya station test in recent years,changes in the composition of fouling community and influence on corrosion have been combed and discussed preliminarily in this paper. Preliminary experience of harbor test station and harbor test as follows:(1) the marine corrosion influenced by the fouling organisms,fouling organisms species and quantity have great influence on the corrosion of different metals;(2) marine corrosion test station should not only consider the sea location (the Yellow Sea,the East China Sea,the South China sea and so on),and to consider the classification of fouling organisms in the environment. In the same area,the port can be divided into the harbor,nearshore and estuary according to the fouling factors. Yulin port is the harbor and the new Sanya station belonging to the nearshore. Corrosion experimental results from Yulin station and new station are completely different;(3) the biological,physical,and chemical factors are equally important in biofouling investigation and assessment of new marine corrosion test station. In the future experiment,besides sea area identification,the biological classification also needs be included.