两步酯化法制备油酸甲酯的实验研究

采用油酸和甲醇为原料,浓H2SO4为催化剂,对两步酯化法制备油酸甲酯的工艺参数进行实验研究。实验结果表明两步酯化法制备油酸甲酯的最佳工艺参数为：冷凝回流循环阶段（第一阶段）甲醇用量为油酸重的80%,催化剂用量为油酸重的0.5%,反应温度为65±2℃,反应时间为60min;甲醇连续流加阶段（第二阶段）甲醇流速为1mL/min,反应温度为100±5℃,反应时间为30～60min,最优转化率为98.65%。并对最佳工艺参数采用响应面法进行优化处理。实验具有反应时间短,降酸迅速,能耗小,转化率高,工艺简单,投资成本低等优点,进一步说明两步酯化法生产生物柴油的可行性和经济性。

Preparation of Methyl Oleate from Oleic Acid by Two-step Esterification

As raw materials using oleic acid and methanol,catalyst is concentrated sulfuric acid,it studies the parameters about preparation of methyl oleate by two-step esterification.The experimental results shows that the converation rate of oleic acid is 98.65% by following conditions,the stage of condensate reflux(the first step):the methanol is 80% of oleic acid weight,the concentrated sulfuric acid is 0.5% of oleic acid weight,the temperature 65±2℃ and the reaction time is 60min;the stage is continuous to join methanol(the second step): the methanol flow rate 1.0mL/min,the temperature is 100±5℃ and the time is 30～60min.The process parameters are optimized by the response surface methodology.This experiment has many advantages short reaction time,drop acid rapidly,little energy consumption,high conversion,simple process,and no by-products.