鸡粪嫌气发酵液毒害植物的有机成分及其对莴苣种子萌发生理影响

气相色谱分析的结果表明，由活性碳分离出来的鸡粪嫌气发酵液（ADCME）对植物产生毒害的主要有机化合物是异戊酸，丁酸和异丁酸，分别占45％，35％和20％，用生物分析来鉴定ADCME的活性碳提取物和这三种挥发性脂肪酸及其混合物对莴苣（Lactuca sativa L.)，种子萌发，根芽生长和幼苗中的生化活动的效应。生化分析表明这些脂肪酸和ADCME提取物均抑制莴苣贮藏蛋白质的重新利用，导致其对Mg^2 -ATP酶，Ca2 -ATP酶，多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶活性以及ATP酶的作用产物之一的无机Pi的释放都受到显著的抑制，这三种脂肪酸中，戊酸处理的抑制作用最强，丁酸处理次之，并观察到有机混合物处理具有协和效应。

Organic Phytotoxic Components in Digested Chicken Manure Effluent and Their Physiological Effects on Germination of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

The results of the gas chromatograph analysis showed that the major organic phytotoxic compounds that were taken out by activated charcoal were isovaleric acid, butyric acid and isobutyric acid, sharing 45%,35% and 20%, respectively. Bioassays were performed to identify the effects of the charcoal extracts of anaerobically digested chicken manure effluent (ADCME) and the three volatile fatty acids as well as their mixture on seed germination, radical growth and biochemical activity in the seedlings of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). All three fatty acids and ADCME extracts strongly inhibited seed germination, radical elongation and reduced the fresh weight of lettuce seedlings. Biochemical analysis showed that the fatty acids and ADCME extract retarded reusing the protein in lettuce seed, which resulted in the significant inhibitions in activities of Mg 2+ ATPase, Ca 2+ ATPase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, and in inorganic Pi that might be released by ATPase activity. Among the three fatty acids, the strongest effect was found in isovaleric acid treatment, followed by butyric acid treatment, and synergistic effects were observed in the organic mixture treatment.