膀胱逼尿肌的组织及生理学概述

膀胱逼尿肌在组织结构、超微结构、收缩功能、舒张功能、自律性及电生理学方面具有自身的特点.在组织结构上,通过平滑肌肌束之间的交叉聚集使膀胱逼尿肌成为一个统一的整体;在超微结构上,通过逼尿肌肌细胞之间的中间连接使平滑肌肌束成为一个有机的组合;在收缩功能上,膀胱逼尿肌的特点是自发性收缩和神经性收缩的动态平衡;在舒张功能上,膀胱逼尿肌的特点是应力性舒张和神经性舒张的协调一致;在自律性方面,膀胱逼尿肌具有产生自发性动作电位的能力以及触发自主性收缩的能力;在电生理方面,膀胱逼尿肌的肌膜去极化引起的动作电位通过作用于钙通道形成Ca2+内流,实现了兴奋与收缩之间的耦联.

Summaries of Urinary Bladder Detrusor Muscle in Histology and Physiology

Urinary bladder detrusor muscle has its characteristics in organizational structure,ultrastructure,contraction function,relaxation function,autorhythmicity and electrophysiology.At organizational structure,urinary bladder detrusor muscle forms an unity whole through the intercross aggregation of smooth muscle bundles;At ultrastructure,smooth muscle bundles make an organic combination via the intermediate junction among detrusor muscle cells;At contractibility,the physiological features of urinary bladder detrusor muscle is the dynamic equilibrium between spontaneous muscle contraction and never-controlled muscle contraction;At relaxation of the muscles,the physiological features of urinary bladder detrusor muscle is the coordination or compatibility between muscles stress relaxation and never-controlled muscle relaxation;At autorhythmicity,urinary bladder detrusor muscle possesses the ability of producing spontaneous action potential and initiating spontaneous contraction;At electrophysiology,action potential caused by the depolarization of detrusor muscle cell membrane brings about the coupling between excitation and contraction through making endosmotic Ca~(2+) with calcium channel.