期待可能性与责任判断——由许霆案引发的刑法思考

在许霆案中，法院的一审判决被民众普遍认为量刑过重。在民众充满感性色彩的责难背后，蕴含着对许霆是在银行失误所导致的巨大诱惑下实施犯罪这一情节的考量要求。这种要求在法理层面体现为把期待可能性作为刑事责任判断的规范要素，在行为人由于客观情状导致其不实施犯罪的可能性降低时，减轻甚或免除其责任。在责任判断中，把期待可能性的降低作为法官援引刑法第63条第2款对被告人超法规减轻处罚的法理根据，符合我国刑事立法规定和刑法理论旨趣。

Expected Possibility and Judgment of Responsibility

In Xu Ting case,people generally think the first judgment is too severe.Behind people' emotional blame is the requirement that the fact that XuTing is lured to commit crime by bank's fault should be considered in judgment of responsibility.In legal theory,this requirement holds that expected possibility should be a kind of norm element in criminal responsibility judgment,that is,when the possibility that the criminal does not commit the crime lowers because of outer situation,he should be given a mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment.In responsibility judgment,judges can take the reduction of expected possibility as the legal theoretical basis to mitigate the criminal extralegally.This is in accordance with our country's criminal law and legal theory.