阳离子型高分子絮凝剂P(DMDAAC-AM)的分散聚合制备初探

采用分散聚合法,在乙醇-水体系中制备了二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, DMDAAC)和丙烯酰胺(acylamide, AM)的共聚物P(DMDAAC-AM)。研究了醇水质量比、单体质量分数、单体的物质的量比、引发剂用量、引发温度、EDTA等因素对聚合物的转化率和特性黏度的影响。使用红外光谱仪和透射电镜对产品的结构和形貌进行了表征。结果表明:以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为分散剂,用量为单体总质量的4％;在醇水质量比为1:1、单体质量分数为40％、DMDAAC与AM物质的量比为2:8、过硫酸钾为引发剂(其用量为体系总质量的0.04％)引发温度为40℃的条件下,得到特性黏度为94.77(cm3／g)、易分离提纯、溶解迅速的产品。

Synthesis of P(DMDAAC-AM) as cationic polymeric flocculants by dispersion polymerization

Dispersion polymerization of DMDAAC (dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) and AM (acrylamide) in an alcohol water media was studied. The effect of the following six factors were mainly studied: the mass ratio of alcohol to water, monomer content, the inolar ratio of AM to DMDAAC, the initiator dosage, initiation temperature and EDTA on the intrinsic viscosity and conversion efficiency of copolymerization. The structure and surface shape of the polymers were studied by means of IR and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The result shows that the product with intrinsic viscosity as 94.77(cm3／g) was obtained under the following optimized conditions: m(alcohol)∶m(water)=1∶1, monomer content= 40％, n(DMDAAC)∶n(AM)=2∶8, the mass fraction of initiator K2S2O8=0.04％, initiation temperature=40℃ and the mass fraction of stabilizer PVP is 4％ of the monomer.