褐煤低温干馏实验研究

褐煤不仅燃烧效率低、水分含量高,而且温室气体排放也很大。为提高褐煤资源的利用效果,提出采用铝甑法考察干馏时温度及保温时间对褐煤干馏产物产率的影响规律,运用FTIR表征褐煤在不同干馏温度下半焦的官能团。结果表明：褐煤低温干馏的适宜条件为450～510℃,保温时间30 min。400℃干馏煤焦与原煤相比,脂肪族和芳香族基团的比值分别降低53.1%和11.8%,说明褐煤煤焦的芳构化程度逐渐增大,芳香核缩聚程度加大;半焦中氧含量减小14.4%,脱羰基比由0.473降到0.396,降低了16.3%,固定碳含量增加21.5%,C/H比增大34.7%。实验证明褐煤的干馏过程是一个去氢、脱氧、富碳的过程。

Experimental study on low-temperature carbonization of lignite

Aimed at improving the rational utilization of lignite which suffers not only lower efficien- cy, higher moisture content, but also greater greenhouse gas emissions, this paper introduces a research on the regularities of carbonization temperature and holding time on the product yield of dry distillation of lignite by using aluminium retort method and describes the characterization of the functional groups of semi-coke by FTIR in different carbonization temperatures. The result shows that the suitable carboniza- tion condition of lignite is 450 - 510 ℃ and holding time is 30 min. The obvious decrease of 53.1% and 11.8% in the ratio of aliphatic and aromatic groups of 400 ℃ semi-coke compared with that of raw coal suggests the following changes, such as the gradually increased degree of aromatization of semi-coke, increased aromatic nucleus condensation degree, 14.4% decrease in the oxygen content of semi-coke, decreases from O. 473 to 0. 396, 16.3% reduction in the decarbonylation ratio, the 21.5% increases in FCdaf, and 34.7% increase in the C/H ratio. The retort process of lignite proves a dehydrogenation, de- oxidization and carbon-rich process.