北京市不同下垫面类型对热岛效应及人体舒适度的影响

下垫面的热惯量差异是产生城市热岛效应的直接原因,不同下垫面对热岛的影响也不相同,而热岛效应的存在对人类舒适程度及健康均产生影响.本文主要研究不同下垫面类型对北京市热岛效应的影响,以及基于热岛效应并综合温度、气压、湿度等方面对人体舒适度进行评价.通过对小尺度范围内五类单一性质下垫面对地表温度变化影响以及一定区域内复合类型下垫面对人体舒适度影响进行研究,实验表明:水体、林地、草地、裸地等下垫面对热岛效应有缓解作用,一定程度上提高了人体舒适度.水泥地面、建筑区等硬化下垫面对热岛效应起到加剧作用,降低了人体舒适度.

Impacts of Beijing Different Underlying Surfaces on Urban Heat Islard Effect and Human Comfort

The thermal inertia＇ s differences of the underlying surface are the main causes of the urban heat island effect. The impact of different underlying surface on the urban heat island is not the same, also the urban heat island effect has impacts on human＇ s comfortness and health. This project mainly studies the heat island effect which is caused by different surface types in Beijing, and how to evaluate the impact on human comfortness posed by urban heat island, temperature, barometric pressure and humidity. The experiment studies small scale areas, by using five single nature underlying surfaces and the composite type of underlying surface in a certain area. Experiments show that： water, woodland, grassland, bare land and other natural underlying surfaces could mitigate urban heat island, thus improve human comfortness. Artificial underlying surfaces such as concrete floor and built-up areas will exacerbate heat island effect and reduce human comfort.