天然水污染膜的物质研究

膜污染是膜在饮用水处理中遇到的最重要问题，为此，需要了解天然水中造成膜污染的物质．笔者通过扫描电镜观察，色质联机以及分子量分布手段分析膜清洗水，了解膜污染的物质构成．结果表明，引起膜污染的有机物主要是以烷烃类的非极性和弱极性的有机物；造成膜污染的无机离子主要是硅、铁、锌和锰等高价的阳离子，其中铁质量浓度最高．对膜清洗水进行的有机物分子量分布的测定表明，小分子量的DOC容易污染膜；而UV254无论分子量大小，都会对膜造成污染．

Study on Membrane Fouling Matter in Natural Water

Membrane fouling is the most important issue encountered in the application of drinking water treatment. The understanding of organic matters in natural water which is responsible for membrane fouling is needed. The chemically clean water is analyzed to study the composition of membrane fouling mailer by means of scanning electron microscopy, GC/MS and determining distribution of MW organics. The results show that non-polarity and weak-polarity such as alkynes-base and hydrocarbon-base organics are responsible for organic membrane fouling; polyvalent cation of inorganic ion such as silicon, iron, zinc and manganese are responsible for inorganic membrane fouling. The distribution of molecular weight (MW)of organics for membrane clean wa-ter is determined and the result shows that DOC with lower MW and UV254 with both large MW and low MW are responsible for membrane fouling.