形状记忆合金的功能动力学特性

形状记忆合金是一种特殊且新颖的功能材料，通过适当调节成分和控制热处理工艺可使其表现出三大特性：形状记忆效应，超弹性，高阻尼能力，但目前对超弹性和与其密切相关的阻尼性能研究的相对较少。本文主要介绍了形状记忆合金相变超弹性的恢复力模型及其特点，分析了相变超弹性发生过程中阻尼和刚度的变化及与组织的对应关系，重点讨论了超弹性对阻尼性能的影响及其在减振方面应用的优越性，从而为形状记忆合金超弹性和阻尼性能的应用提供参考。

Functional Kinetic Properties of Shape Memory Alloy

SMA is a special and novel material. It can take on three characteristics by adjusting its composition and controling the heat treatment technics: shape memory effect, superelasticity and high damping ability. At present, researches on superelasticity and damping property which is connected with the former are very few. In this article the traits and the resilience models of transformation superelasticity of shape memory alloy are presented. Corresponding structure and changes of the damping properties and the rigidness in the course of transformation superelasticity are analyzed. The inflence of superelasticity to the damping property is discussed emphatically and the superiority of applications in reducing vibration are presented. The paper provides valuable reference for the applications of superelasticity and damping property.