三种地震方法在岩性地层油气藏预测中的应用

岩性地层油气藏勘探已成为近年来的一个重点与难点问题。“四类盆地、三种储集体”的岩性地层油气藏区
带、圈闭与成藏的地质理论与“构造-层序成藏组合”模式研究，为中国陆相岩性地层油气藏勘探开发奠定了重要的
基础。松辽盆地南部中央拗陷区属于“多坡折缓坡-湖侵域和高位域河流三角洲组合”的岩性地层油气藏，仅仅依靠
“构造-层序”的思路难以实现有效的岩性地层油气藏预测。岩性地层油气藏勘探地球物理方法呈现多元化发展，推
进了地震技术在岩性地层油气藏预测领域的应用，但同时地震技术的局限适应性同样明显。以对松辽盆地南部中央
拗陷区为例，通过应用垂向岩性组合关系、地震波谷信息的应用和多子波分解技术，尽可能多地挖掘地震波形中蕴含
的地层岩性信息，探索这3 种地震方法在松辽盆地南部中央拗陷区岩性地层油气藏勘探中的适用性，依靠钻井、沉积
规律约束，取得了良好的效果。

Application of Litho-stratigraphic Reservoirs Prediction by Three Seismic Methods

In recent years，litho-stratigraphic reservoir exploration has become an important and difficult problem. The theory
of“four basin types，three reservoir types”litho-stratigraphic reservoir play，trap，accumulation model，and the reseach model
of“structure-sequence accumulation combination”have laid an important foundation for the exploration and exploitation of
continental litho-stratigraphic reservoirs. The central depression in southern Songliao Basin belongs to“multi-slope break
gentle slope-lake transgressive domain and high domain river delta combination”. The“structure-sequence”study alone is not
enough for effective litho-stratigraphic reservoir prediction. Diversified geophysical methods for litho-stratigraphic reservoir
exploration promotes the application of seismic technology in the field of litho-stratigraphic reservoir prediction，but the limited
flexibility of seismic technology is also clear. This paper takes the research in central depression of southern Songliao Basin
as an example，and explores application of vertical litho-stratigraphic combination，information of seismic trough，and multiwavelet
decomposition technology，and we extract litho-stratigraphic information from seismic waveform. Applicability of the
three seismic methods in litho-stratigraphic reservoir prediction of central depression in southern Songliao Basin is studied and
has achieved good effect with reference to drilling and sedimentary rules constraint.