一种应用于高含硫气井的智能取垢器系统设计

油气井生产过程中，受地质环境、生产阶段、矿物成分等多种因素综合影响，井筒上易产生垢物堵塞，影响正常生产；而解堵和工艺措施的有效性由能否精准取样井下垢物直接决定。针对高含硫气井井下垢物样本取样需要，设计研制了一套智能井下取垢系统，介绍了智能井下取垢器的体系结构及工作原理；详细论述了电路板减震结构、取垢弹爪、容垢篮装置以及扶正装置等取垢器关键机械结构及部件；阐述了基于DSP的电气定时控制系统的体系结构及控制原理，重点说明了系统PID控制算法关键参数计算过程。室内性能实验以及试验井功能试验结果表明，研制工具的耐温、承压性能以及取垢和容垢装置自动化伸缩同步联动控制功能可靠，入井和出井过程顺利，能为高含硫气井井下垢物精准化取样提供设备支撑。同时，提出的设计方法和思路对其他智能化井下工具的研发具有一定的参考意义。

Design of an Intelligent Fouling-getting System in Natural Gas Well with High Sulfur Content

In the production process of oil and gas Wells, due to the comprehensive influence of various factors such as geological environment, production stage and mineral composition, it is easy to form scale and blockage on the wellbore, which will affect production. The effectiveness of plugging removal methods and technological measures is directly determined by whether the downhole scale sample can be obtained. An intelligent downhole scaling system was designed and developed for the sampling of downhole scaling materials in gas wells with high sulfur content. The architecture and working principle of the intelligent downhole scaling device were introduced. The key mechanical structures and components of the scale remover, such as the circuit board damping structure, the scale remover claw, the scale basket device and the centralizing device, are discussed in detail. The architecture and control principle of electrical timing control system based on DSP are expounded, and the key parameters calculation process of PID control algorithm is emphatically illustrated. The results of indoor performance tests and well function tests show that the temperature and pressure resistance of the developed tool, as well as the automatic telescopic and synchronous control function of the scaling device are reliable, and the well entry and exit processes are smooth, which can provide equipment support for the accurate sampling of the scale in the gas well with high sulfur content. At the same time, the proposed design method and idea have certain reference significance to the research and development of other intelligent downhole tools.