含油气盆地重要勘探领域基岩油气藏

通过对国内外基岩油气藏储层特征、成藏要素、分布特征的分析，认为基岩是盆地形成前的地层，任何时期的地台均有分布。简单盆地只有一个基岩，叠合盆地必需有长时间的沉积间断或有过大的构造运动才能有新、老基岩之分。基岩油气藏可以分为潜山顶部基岩油气藏和潜山内幕型基岩油气藏。储集岩以花岗岩和火成岩为主，具有特殊的有效储集空间，非均质性强。基岩油气藏储层具有新生古储、成藏期早、圈闭形成早且类型多、内幕结构复杂、疏导体系复杂、运移方式多等特征。世界大型基岩油气藏多分布在拗陷盆地，中国基岩油气藏重点分布在东部断陷盆地基底和北部褶皱盆地基底以及叠合盆地的老基底中。

Important Exploration Areas in Petaliferous Basins The BasementHydrocarbon Reservoirs

This paper analyzes domestic and foreign reservoir characters,accumulation factors and distribution of basement reservoir and concludes that basement is formed before basin and distributed in any platforms.There is one basement in simple basin.In superimposed basins there must be a long hiatus or tectonic movement so that they can have both new and old basements.Basement hydrocarbon reservoirs can be divided into two types:the reservoir on top of buried hills and the reservoir inside buried hills.The reservoirs are composed of granite and eruptive rocks,and have particular effective reservoir spaces and have strong heterogeneity.Characteristics of them include that they are early oil generation and late reservoir,early accumulation period and early trap generation.They have various of trap types and migration modes,and have complex inside composition and translocation systems.The world’s largest oil and gas reservoirs are located in depression basin,and most Chinese reservoirs distributes in eastern fault basin and in northern flexural basin and old basement of superimposed basins.