有杆抽油系统故障递阶诊断的故障识别研究

有杆抽油系统工况极其恶劣，发生故障的概率较高。针对有杆抽油系统的特点及其故障诊断目前存在的问
题，提出基于示功图的有杆抽油系统故障递阶诊断法，该方法分为故障分辨和故障识别两个阶段，在基于示功图的有
杆抽油系统故障递阶诊断法的第二阶段故障识别阶段，从故障机理入手，在故障分辨的基础上，将正常样本的统
计信息与搜索树相结合，建立起有杆抽油系统故障识别的搜索树，对故障样本进行故障类型的详细识别。通过实例和
多种典型故障示功图，包括严重故障，验证了该方法能有效识别出有杆抽油系统的单个故障和组合故障。

Hierarchical Fault Diagnosis of Rod Pumping System Based on Fault Distinguishing

There is higher fault probability for rod pumping system under the bad work conditions. Because of the large amount
of sample and the long-time steady status，this paper proposes hierarchical fault diagnosis method. Fault distinguishing and
fault identification are two stages in this method. In the second stage of the fault hierarchical diagnosis of rod pumping system
based on surface dynamometer card，starting from fault mechanism，we propose search tree method in fault identification of
rod pumping system on the basis of fault distinguish. In fault identification，combining statistical rule of normal samples and
search tree based on fault principle and fault distinguish，search tree of rod pumping system is established to identify fault style
including serious fault. Efficiency of this method is verified by identifying single fault and combined fault of rod pumping
system accurately through typical fault dynamometer cards.