页岩气超高压往复泵工作腔压力测试与分析

以用于页岩气水平井压裂的超高压往复泵为研究对象，为探索提高泵工作性能及可靠性的解决思路，开展了泵工作腔内压力变化规律及基本特征的分析研究。根据力学基础理论，定性地分析了泵阀开启、关闭时刻点的工作腔内压力变化。搭建了全尺寸超高压往复泵工作腔压力测试台架，获得了4种柱塞冲次和5种排出管汇压力下的泵腔压力变化曲线。实验结果表明，排液冲程中柱塞冲次和排出管汇压力对工作腔压力降低的滞后时间具有显著影响，工作腔压力在临近峰值的高压区间内会产生“M”型压力冲击特征，对此特征的分析将为进一步分析阀箱内壁疲劳失效原因、优化泵阀运动机理提供解决思路及实验依据。

Analysis of Pressure Characteristics in Working Cavity of Ultra High Pressure Reciprocating Pump for Shale Gas

In order to explore the solution to improve the working performance and reliability of the pump, we took the ultrahigh pressure reciprocating pump for shale gas horizontal well fracturing as the research object, and analyzed and studied the pressure variation law and basic characteristics of the pump working chamber. According to the basic theory of mechanics, the pressure changes in the working chamber at the opening and closing time of the pump valve were qualitatively analyzed. A fullscale pressure test bench for working chamber of ultra-high pressure reciprocating pump was built, and pressure curves of pump chamber under four plunger strokes and five discharge manifold pressures were obtained. It was found that the plunger stroke and the discharge manifold pressure during the drain stroke have a significant effect on the lag time of the working chamber pressure reduction. At the same time, the pressure in the working chamber generated an "M" type pressure shock characteristic in the high pressure range near the peak pressure, which could provide a solution and experimental basis for further analysis of the causes of fatigue failure of the inner wall of the valve box and optimization of the motion mechanism of the pump valve.