基于双向期权的食品供应链三阶段订货契约模型

为了降低食品供应链需求不确定的风险,提高食品供应链的整体柔性,针对食品的特性,将双向期权引入食品供应链中,建立了一个单周期三阶段供应链期权型契约模型,考虑了食品零售商在第三阶段补充订货问题,并对在各阶段的最优决策给出了量化结果以及经济意义解释.最后,通过算例对模型进行了模拟分析,结果表明,这种期权型契约以及补充订货策略对降低食品供应链风险,提高供应链利润是行之有效的.

Extended food supply chain contract with bidirectional options

To reduce the uncertain risk and improve the flexibility of food supply chain,the bidirectional option is introduced into the food supply chain.A three stage model with single cycle is established by considering the characteristics of food.Retailer is allowed to reorder at the third stage.The optimal policy for each stage and the economic meaning are presented.Finally,the model is discussed through a numerical example,the result of which shows that the supplementary ordering way with bidirectional option is helpful to reduce the risk of food supply chain and enhance the profit of the whole supply chain.