濒危植物黄山梅及其相关植物的叶表皮特征研究

对黄山梅属(Kirengeshoma Yatabe)黄山梅(Kirengeshoma palmata Yatabe)及其相关植物--草绣球属(Cardiandra Sieb.＆Zucc.)和银梅草属(Deinanthe Maxim.)植物作了叶表皮的微形态研究.结果表明:黄山梅(Kirengeshoma palmata Yatabe)叶下表皮细胞不规则,垂周壁深波状,气孔类型为不规则型;叶上表皮不规则或近多角形,垂周壁平直、弓形或波状.叶上、下表面均具单细胞T形毛,毛上疣突显著.毛基为单细胞型.草绣球(Cardiandra mollendorffii Li)叶下表皮不规则,垂周壁深波状,气孔类型为不规则型;叶上表皮细胞不规则,垂周壁浅波状,具针晶,单毛,具鞘状结构,表面光滑.毛基为多细胞型.二裂叶银梅草(Deinanthe bifida Maxim.)和银梅草(Deinanthe caerulea Stapf.)叶下表皮细胞不规则,垂周壁深波状,气孔类型为不规则型;叶上表皮细胞形状与垂周壁式样同叶下表皮,且均具针晶.另外,在二裂叶银梅草叶上、下表面发现两种类型的毛:锥形毛和T形毛.结合三属的现有资料,通过比较分析,笔者初步认为: 三属性状高度重叠,关系甚密,银梅草属可能是黄山梅属和草绣球属的过渡类型;叶表皮特征观察结果不支持Takhtajan系统把黄山梅独立出来提升为亚科的观点.

STUDY ON THE LEAF EPIDRMIS OF AN ENDANGERED SPECIES, KIRENGESHOMA PALMATA,AND ITS RELATED PLANT

The characters of leaf epidermis with regard to epidermal cells, stomata and trichomes as well as the bases of trichomes, have been examined in the following three related genera of the family Saxifragaceae, i.e. Kirengeshoma Yatabe, Cardiandra Sieb.&Zucc, Deinanthe Maxim. The following conclusions can be drawn that the epidermal cells can be grouped into two types in terms of the outline of their anticlinal wall. One is characterized by the straight wall, while the other by sinuate or sinuolate wall. The trichomes are distinguished between the two types of coned and T-shaped,with T-shaped trichomes only occurring on the epidermis of Kirengeshoma palmata Yatabe and Deinanthe bifida Maxim. There are also two types of trichome-bases. One is single-celled, and the other consists of a group of cells. The distribution of trichome-base type is the same as that of trichome type. The stomata only present on the lower leaf epidermis. The type of stomata is anomocytic. Based on the above results, it is considered preliminarily that there is not notable discrimination between the three genera,in addition, Kirengeshoma might be the intermediate type between Deinanthe and Cardiandra. Therefore, the evidences from the characters of leaf epidermis do not support the treatment of elevating the genus Kirengeshoma to the subfamily Kirengeshomoidea by Takhtajan and Thorne.