福建台风灾害链分析——以2005年"龙王"台风为例

基于灾害系统理论,结合台风的风情、雨情、水情和潮情等特点,构建了福建台风大风、台风暴雨洪涝和台风风暴潮3个串发、并发性灾害链模式.对2005年"龙王"台风的分析表明:登陆台风受山脉抬升和北方弱冷空气双重影响再次强降水,地势西高东低且地表破碎、海岸曲折且山地性河流发育等是灾害链发生、发展的主要原因,灾情随灾害链过程放大,受承灾体脆弱性累积加重.提出沿海区防御大风和风暴潮、河流下游防御洪涝、山区防御洪水、滑坡和泥石流等区域模式,为减灾提供科学依据.

ANALYSIS ON TYPHOON DISASTER CHAIN IN FUJIAN: A CASE STUDY OF TYPHOON LONGWANG IN 2005

Based on disaster system theory,in combination of wind,rain, water and tide condition,typhoon disaster train in Fujian is built up,including three continuous and simultaneous disaster trains,such as typhoon-wind,typhoon-storm-flood and logging and typhoon-storm surge.Analysis of typhoon Longwang shows as follows.Disaster chain happens and develops mostly due to the strong re-precipitation which is caused by both typhoon's ascent along mountains and weak cold-air from the north topography that becomes lower eastward and fragile surface;irregular coastline and mountainous rivers.The disaster chains magnifies disaster effects,which becomes more serious as hazard-affected body becomes more vulnerable.This paper suggests that strong wind and storm surge should be defended at coastal regions;as flood at lower river reaches;and flood,landslide and debris flow at mountainous areas.The research would contribute to disaster reduction.