北京小龙门林场夏季啮齿类的群落结构及其年变化

根据北京师范大学生命科学学院 1984— 1999年的啮齿类的调查和监测资料 ,对该地区的小型啮齿类群落结构及其年变化进行了分析 .共捕获啮齿类动物 9种 ,大林姬鼠 (Apodemusspeciosus)和社鼠 (Rattusconfucianus)是本地的优势种 ,黑线姬鼠 (A .agrarius)、褐家鼠 (Rattusnorvegicus)、小家鼠 (Musmusculus)、大仓鼠 (Cricetulustriton)和棕背 鼠平(Clethrionomysrufocanus)为常见种 .在不同年份之间啮齿类的种群密度具有明显的波动 ,但年际动态周期性不明显 (s <0 5) .总的相对密度与大林姬鼠 (r =0 795,P <0 0 1)、黑线姬鼠 (r =0 74 1,P <0 0 1)和社鼠 (r =0 935,P <0 0 1)的相对密度呈正相关 .阔叶林、居民点与针叶林群落之间的多样性都有明显的差异 (P <0 0 5) ,而群落之间的均匀性无显著差异 (P >0 0 5) .

COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND ITS YEARLY CHANGES OF THE SMALL RODENTS AT XIAOLONGMEN FOREST FARM IN BEIJING

According to the successive census data in rodents at Xiaolongmen Forest Farm in Beijing during 1984—1999 in summer, the structure and fluctuations of the small rodent community are analyzed. There are 9 rodent species, among which Apodemus speciosus, Rattus confucianus are dominant species; A. agrarius, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Cricetulus triton, Clethrionomys rufocanus are common species. There are obvious fluctuations among the capturing rates, but the fluctuations are not annual cyclical (s<0.5). There are positive correlations among the total relative densities and the density of Apodemus speciosus (r=0.795, P<0.01）, A. agrarius (r=0.741, P<0.01）and Rattus confucianus (r=0.935, P<0.01）. The variance of the diversity among the broad-leaved forest community, residential area and the coniferous forest is prominent (P>0.05), while the evenness isnt (P<0.05).