抚仙湖上游土壤重金属污染负荷计算及来源解析

通过定量方法计算污染物负荷、开展污染源解析，是进行环境管理、风险防控以及污染治理的重要依据，也是制定环境保护政策的重要前提．本文应用逸度模型开展澄江县抚仙湖上游地区土壤重金属污染负荷计算，预测模拟抚仙湖区域环境中重金属分布状态．在此基础上，利用非负约束因子模型和化学质量平衡模型耦合开展污染源解析研究．结果表明:抚仙湖上游澄江县区域重金属主要存储在土壤介质中，占总量的80%以上；土壤中重金属主要来源于工业生产和化肥农药的使用，分别占40.16%和40.79%，是区域重金属污染防控管理的重点．污染负荷及来源解析结果能够为该地区环境质量评估及污染防控提供科学的数据支撑． 

Load and source of heavy metal pollution in the upper reaches of Fuxian Lake

Quantification of pollution load and identification of pollution source are important in environmental management, risk prevention and control, pollution control, and in formulating environmental protection policies．In the present work, we used the fugacity model to calculate and forecast soil load and distribution of heavy metal pollution in the upper reaches of Fuxian Lake．The non-negative constraint factor model and the chemical mass balance model were coupled to identify or decompose pollution sources．Heavy metals in the upper reaches of Fuxian Lake in Chengjiang County were found to be stored mainly in the soil medium, accounting for more than 80% of the surface area．The heavy metals in the soil were found to be mainly from industrial production, use of fertilizers and pesticides, accounting for 40.16% and 40.79% respectively．Consequently, these should be the focus of regional heavy metal pollution prevention and control management．Such analysis of pollution load and source identification as done in this work should, provide data support for environmental quality assessment and pollution prevention and control．