地表过程与可持续发展研究进展与展望

自2007年地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室批准建设以来，围绕地表多要素、多尺度和多过程及其资源生态效应，开展了基础性和面向国家需求的系统研究．总结实验室15年来的建设和发展，取得的主要成果如下:1）地表过程监测与研究，包括风沙过程、土壤侵蚀过程和生态水文过程等的观测系统与大型模拟设施建设，以及理论突破与应用；2）资源生态研究，包括生物多样性维持机制、植被-环境系统互馈及生态参数测量、景观生态与服务等方面的理论与应用实践；3）人-地系统动力学研究，包括环境演变与人类活动、人-地系统动力学模型与模拟2方面的探索；4）区域可持续发展范式，包括土地利用/覆盖变化（LUCC）和综合自然灾害风险2个方面取得的显著成果．面对国家重点实验改革与重组，展望未来，将围绕地表过程与可持续发展，开展更加有组织的、面向系统性解决方案的科学探究，核心目标是研究生态脆弱区和灾害高风险区人-地系统耦合理论与区域高质量发展路径．主要任务:1）通过构建天空地网一体化观测体系，系统开展从“山水林田湖草沙冰”等要素过程到生命共同体的综合研究；2）通过研发实验和模拟装置，揭示水土气生人相互作用的机制与动力学过程，构建多要素、多过程、多尺度的地表动态模型体系，揭示人地系统耦合机制与过程；3）以承接系统性国家级科研任务，解析人与自然系统互馈机制和关联效应，建立区域高质量发展监测、评估和预警体系，服务于制定区域与国家生态文明建设的长远战略． 

Earth surface process and regional sustainable development

The State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE) was established in 2007, since then fundamental and applied systematic research have been carried out on the Earth’s surface multi elements, multi-scale and multi processes and their resource ecological effects．Here we summarize works done in ESPRE in the past 15 years．Observation systems and large-scale simulation facilities were constructed for desertification process, soil erosion process and eco hydrological process．Theory and applications of biodiversity maintenance mechanism, landscape ecology and ecosystem services were studied．The environmental evolution and human activities, Earth-human system dynamics model and simulation were explored．The fourth area of emphasis was regional sustainable development, including changes in land use/cover (LUCC) and comprehensive natural disaster risk. In the future, we will carry out more organized research and explore systematic solutions to Earth surface problems．The core goal of the lab is to study human-land system coupling theory and regional high-quality development path in ecologically fragile areas and disaster high-risk areas．The main tasks are now identified: to construct space-ground integrated observation networks, to systematically carry out comprehensive research from the process of various elements such as “mountains, rivers, forests, field, lakes, grass, sand and ice” to the life communitiy as a whole．We will develop analysis and simulation devices, to reveal mechanism and dynamic process of nature- human interaction, to build a multi-factor, multi-process and multi-scale surface dynamic model system, and to reveal coupling mechanism and process of Earth-human system．We plan to undertake systematic national scientific research tasks, to analyze mutual feeding mechanism and correlation effect between human and natural systems, and to establish a regional high-quality development monitoring, evaluation and early warning system for long-term strategies of national ecological civilization．