都江堰灌区金马河河流健康空间形态分析

以都江堰灌区金马河为研究对象,从河流健康的基础层次──河流形态景观特征的角度出发,应用遥感技术采集河流空间信息,依据生态需水理论和景观生态学方法对金马河河流空间形态特征进行分析,得到金马河河流健康情况下基本空间形态特征参数:水域面积占河道面积的比例不低于40%,平均斑块面积(MPS)大于1.97 hm2且斑块数量(NP)大于1948个,最大斑块指数(LPI)在20%～45%之间,修正的Simpson多样性指数(MSIDI)大于0.6,修正后的Simpson均匀度(MSIEI)高于0.55.同时,通过研究证明遥感技术在河流健康空间形态特征分析中具有很好的应用前景.

SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF RIVER HEALTH TO JINMA RIVER IN DUJIANGYAN IRRIGATION REGIONS

River health and its sustainable development has become a global issue.However,the theory of river health is just in its immature phase.The conception of river health is just like a "pyramid",in which the basis is natural value that means the landscape character of river configuration,the middle is ecosystem value that means the integrality of ecosystem and the resilience of eco-function,and the top is social value which means what the river do to the watershed.Remote Sensing(RS) technology is applied to get more spatial information of Jinma River lying in Dujiangyan,Sichuan province.Landsat Thematic Mapper(TM) data are used to analyse the changes in shape of the river in three typical years of hydrology.Then,the theory of ecological water requirement and the method of landscape ecology are integrated to analyze the special shape characters of Jinma River.The research indicates that spatial shape character indices of river health in nature value level to Jinma river are as follows: the proportion of water areas is more than 40%,MPS is more than 1.97 hm2 and NP is less than 1948,LPI is between 20% and 45%,MSIDI is more than 0.6,MSIEI is more than 0.55.Also it indicates that RS technology can be widely used in the assessment of river health.