| 基于交通承灾体的低能见度致灾因子研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 白媛,张建松,潘东华,王静爱.基于交通承灾体的低能见度致灾因子研究[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010,46(5). |
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| 作者姓名： | 白媛 张建松 潘东华 王静爱 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京师范大学区域地理研究实验室,100875,北京;北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京师范大学区域地理研究实验室,100875,北京;地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京师范大学,100875,北京 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 基于灾害系统理论,通过对低能见度灾害案例梳理,构建由大雾、暴雨、沙尘暴、降雪4个灾种构成的低能见度灾害致灾因子分类系统,并提出了低能见度灾害链.以灾害发生的相对频度为低能见度灾害危险性指标,编制危险性图谱,并通过GIS空间叠加分析形成低能见度灾害类型-频度图.对低能见度灾害的空间分异及组合规律分析的结果表明:大雾和暴雨高危险性区域分别覆盖了全国高速公路的24%和18%,机场的16.6%和12.9%;其中具有4个灾种影响的低能见度致灾区域覆盖了全国38个城市和22%人口;具有3个灾种影响的致灾区域覆盖全国308个城市和57.9%人口.因此,低能见度灾害的综合评价对交通运输管理部门的风险防范有着重要的指导作用和现实意义.
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| 关 键 词： | 雾 暴雨 沙尘暴 降雪 交通承灾体 危险性 |
STUDY OF LOW-VISIBILITY HAZARD BASED ON TRAFFIC EXPOSURE |
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| BAI Yuan,ZHANG Jiansong,PAN Donghua,WANG Jingai.STUDY OF LOW-VISIBILITY HAZARD BASED ON TRAFFIC EXPOSURE[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science),2010,46(5). |
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| Authors: | BAI Yuan ZHANG Jiansong PAN Donghua WANG Jingai |
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| Institution: | BAI Yuan1) ZHANG Jiansong1) PAN Donghua1) WANG Jing'ai1,2)(1) School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science,Key Laboratory of Regional Geography,Beijing Normal University,100875,Beijing,China,2) State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology,) |
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| Abstract: | With development of traffic industry(airlines and highways),road and air space visibility has become more and more important.Low-visibility has become one of the main causes for traffic disaster.Low-visibility disaster cases can be classified by theory of disaster system.Low-visibility hazard classification system,made of heavy fog,heavy rain,dust storm and snow,was constructed,and chain of low-visibility disaster was proposed.The relative disaster frequency as disaster fatalness index was considered,atlas ... |
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| Keywords: | fog heavy rain dust storm snow traffic exposure fatalness |
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