中国主要粮食作物种植结构调整区域优先序研究

基于作物生产水足迹，引入水资源稀缺性指数，结合作物面积净收益，构建种植结构调整区域优先序评价模型，评价中国水稻、玉米、小麦的主要生产地. 结果表明:水稻种植结构应优先调整的地区依次为湖南、江西、黑龙江、广东、广西；玉米种植结构应优先调整的地区依次为黑龙江、吉林、河南、内蒙古、山东；小麦种植结构应优先调整的地区依次为河南、山东、安徽、河北、江苏．本研究实现了种植结构调整的理论与实践衔接，有助于推动我国作物种植结构调整进程，提高农业水资源利用效率． 

Priority area determination for planting structure adjustment of main food crops in China

Water resources in China are scarce. Adjusting planting structure is an important way to save water in agriculture．Considering its practical guidance and operability, it is necessary to identify areas where crop planting structure should be adjusted preferentially．This study builds an evaluation model to determine priority areas for planting structure adjustment of main food-crops (rice, corn, and wheat production)．In this model, the resource, environment and economy requirements were reflected by crop water footprint, water resources scarcity, and net income of crops per unit area, respectively．Areas where rice planting structure should be preferentially adjusted were found to be Hunan, Jiangxi, Heilongjiang, Guangdong and Guangxi．Areas where corn planting structure should be preferentially adjusted were Heilongjiang, Jilin, Henan, Inner Mongolia and Shandong．Areas where wheat planting structure should be preferentially adjusted were Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hebei and Jiangsu．These data will be useful to promote planting structure adjustment in China．