基于DSSAT模型的河套平原春小麦灌溉方案优化

以河套平原临河站点监测的春小麦“永良4号”品种为例，运用DSSAT-CERES-Wheat模型，经过参数校正和验证，模拟不同生育期多种灌溉配额组合下的春小麦产量，优化灌溉方案，提高灌溉水生产效益. 研究结果表明:1）DSSAT-CERES-Wheat模型能较好地模拟河套平原春小麦“永良4号”的生长过程；2）春小麦的灌溉水生产效益随总灌溉量增加呈下降趋势；3）分蘖期灌溉是保证春小麦产量的基础，拔节期的灌溉量对提高灌溉水生产效益作用最为明显，春小麦产量对乳熟期灌溉量的响应最不敏感；4）春小麦分蘖期、拔节期、抽穗期、开花期分别灌溉30、105、30和30 mm的水量，为河套平原春小麦“永良4号”品种的最优节水灌溉方案，优化后的方案可保证春小麦产量，并且能提高春小麦灌溉水生产效益与灌溉水利用效率. 

Optimization of irrigation scheduling for spring wheat in Hetao Plain with DSSAT model

DSSAT model after calibration and test was used to simulate spring wheat yields under various irrigation schemes with different irrigation water quotas at different growth stages, for the spring wheat “Yongliang 4” at Linhe site in Hetao Plain, in order to optimize the irrigation schemes under different irrigation water supply amounts and to improve irrigation water productivity. The DSSAT-CERES-Wheat model was found to perform satisfactorily in simulating growth period and yield. The irrigation water productivity of spring wheat was found to decrease with increasing total irrigation water amount. Irrigate at tillering stage was found essential to keep spring wheat grow normally. Yield and irrigation water productivity of spring wheat were most sensitive to the irrigation water at jointing stage. Yield and irrigation water productivity of spring wheat were found least sensitive to irrigation water at milk-ripe stage. Irrigation to 30, 105, 30, 30 mm at tillering, jointing, heading and anthesis stages respectively were found to be the best to improve irrigation productivity and efficiency, maintaining wheat yield.