微波-磷酸一步法制备油茶果壳基活性炭

为了获得农林废弃物油茶果壳制备活性炭的新方法,以磷酸为活化剂,微波内热方式进行炭化-活化一步法制备油茶果壳基活性炭的研究,考察了原料粒度、浸渍比、磷酸浓度、微波时间、微波功率和浸渍时间对活性炭碘吸附性能的影响,并以自制油茶果壳基活性炭为吸附剂进行了茶油毛油脱色。结果表明,油茶果壳基活性炭制备的适宜条件为:原料粒度0.25～0.38 mm,浸渍比1∶2,磷酸浓度60 wt%,微波时间18 min,微波功率700 W,浸渍时间20 h,在最适宜条件下所得活性炭的比表面积为1 169.69 m2/g,脱色茶油的色泽为罗维朋色号黄(Y)11和红(R)1.0,符合国标油茶籽油GB/T 11765-2003对一级油品的色泽技术要求。研究结果可为油茶主副产业链的综合利用提供理论依据。

One-step preparation of activated carbon from Camellia oleifera shell by microwave assisted H3PO4 activation

In order to obtain a new method to prepare activated carbon from agricultural and wood wastes,such as Camellia oleifera shell,the study for preparation of activated carbons were carried out by one-step carbonization-activation with H3PO4 under microwave radiation.The effects of particle size of raw material,impregnation ratio,H3PO4 solution concentration,microwave radiation time,microwave power and impregnation time on the adsorption properties of iodine of activated carbon were investigated.And the decoloration of oleifera oil was tested with the activated carbon obtained as adsorbent.The optimal conditions obtained were particle size of raw material in 0.25~0.38 mm,impregnation ratio 1∶ 2,H3PO4 solution concentration of 60 wt%,microwave radiation time of 18 min,microwave power at 700 W and impregnation time in 20 h.The specific surface area of activated carbon prepared in the optimal condition was 1 169.69 m2/g.The colour of the bleached oil was Lovibond yellow(Y) 11 and red(R) 1.0,which was meets the requirement of the first-graded of GB/T 11765-2003.The result could enriches the knowledge for comprehensive utilization of the lord vice industry chain of Camellia oleifera.