新冠肺炎疫情下儿童青少年心理健康干预进展

 新型冠状病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎）大流行是全球性事件，严重影响到人们的日常生活。儿童青少年作为此次突发重大公共卫生应激事件的弱势群体，身心受到剧烈冲击。综述了国内外现有研究进展，分别从国家社会、学校社区、家庭及个人层面探讨了新冠肺炎疫情下儿童青少年心理压力的应激源；总结了疫情期间儿童青少年心理问题的类型，包括情绪问题和行为问题；归纳了普通儿童、疫情严重地区儿童和家人患病或抗疫人员子女、隔离儿童、其他患病儿童及感染儿童这5类不同风险的儿童青少年面对疫情的心理特征及干预建议。

Psychological health intervention for children and adolescents during outbreak of novel coronavirus

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected people's daily life globally, especially for the physical and mental health of children and adolescents, the vulnerable group. This paper reviews the studies, up to August 24, 2020, focusing on the following four aspects. Firstly, the mental stressors among children and adolescents are discussed from national and society, school and community, family and individual perspectives, such as the social isolation, the health care facility closures, the school closures, the economic deterioration, the home quarantine, the domestic violence and abuse, the increased screen time, and others. Secondly, the main types of psychological problems in teenagers during the COVID-19 are discussed. Emotional problems mainly include the anxiety, the depression, the loneliness, the sleep problems, the psychosomatic problems and the stress-related problems. Behavioral problems mainly include:the internet addiction, the sexual abuse behaviors, the parent-child conflicts, and others. Finally, children and adolescents are divided into five categories according to different risks under the background of COVID-19:the ordinary children, the children living in high exposure risk areas, the children with their caregivers being affected or being frontline workers, the quarantined children, the children with other diseases and the infected children. And intervention recommendations include the health education, the epidemic prevention, the knowledge popularization, the parent accompaniment; the hospital 24-hour on-duty nursing system, the online consultation and the online pharmacy; the remote interactive online education, the remote psychiatry, the book therapy, the music therapy, the emotion-focused therapy (EFT), the parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT), the cognitive behavioral writing therapy(CBWT), the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and the drug therapy.