碱活化法制备外墙保温板残料活性炭及表征

以外墙保温板残料为原料,采用碱活化法制备活性炭。借助傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、BET比表面积、孔径分布和碘值进行表征。使用外墙保温板残料在N2保护下以10℃/min的升温速率升温到800℃,在800℃下炭化30 min,自然冷却至室温获得炭粉;炭粉用含有4倍当量的KOH溶液(0.1 g/m L)浸渍8 h,加热除去水后转至活化炉中,N_2保护下以10℃/min的升温速率升温到800℃活化60 min,自然降温到室温;用5%的盐酸和水清洗至p H值为中性;120℃干燥恒重。本工艺制备的活性炭:碘值2300.27 mg/g,比表面积1293.45 m~2/g,平均孔径2.4 nm,主要由微孔和偏小中孔组成。

Preparation and characterization of activated carbon based on external wall insulation board residual material by alkali activation method

Activated carbons are prepared from the external wall insulation board residual material by the alkali activation method. The performance of the activated carbon is characterized by the FT-IR spectroscopy, the X-ray diffraction, the BET specific surface area, the pore size distribution and the iodine adsorption value. The external wall insulation board is heated from the room temperature to 800℃ at the rate of 10℃/min under the atmosphere of nitrogen and maintains for 30 min. Then it cools to the ambient temperature to obtain charcoal powder. At the ratio of 4∶1(alkali/carbon), the charcoal powder is impregnated for 8 h with 0.1 g/mL KOH solution and is transferred to the activation furnace after being heated to remove water. The charcoal powder is heated from the room temperature to 800℃ at the rate of 10℃/min under the atmosphere of nitrogen, is activated for 60 min, naturally cools down to the room temperature, is washed with 5% hydrochloric acid and water to neutralize, and then is dried to a state of constant weight at 120℃. In the process, the index parameters of the activated carbon are found to be as follows: The iodine value is 2300.27 mg/g, the specific surface area is 1293.45 m²g, the average pore size is 2.4 nm, which is mainly composed of micro pores and small middle pores.