专利风险评价指标体系构建及关键指标国际比较

 从经济安全的角度，基于专利价值链理论，构建了一套专利风险评估指标体系，用于衡量一个国家或地区在专利活动中遭遇风险的程度。利用专利基本活动中的4个关键指标，即专利质量水平、专利转化能力、专利纠纷风险程度和专利贸易国际地位，对美国、日本、韩国、德国和中国进行比较分析，得出2006-2015年，中国的专利发展“快而不高”“大而不强”，但与其他专利强国相比，在专利价值链关键环节的竞争中，中国不占优势，甚至存在较为严重的风险，尤其专利使用费逆差越来越大，对国家经济安全存在一定程度的威胁。

Construction of patent risk assessment indicator system and an international comparison of key indicators

Based on the perspective of economic security and the theory of the patent value chain, an assessment system for a set of patent risk indicators is constructed in this paper, to measure the degree of risk encountered by a country or region in patent activities. 4 key indicators of patent basic activities are identified, namely, the patent quality level, the patent transformation ability, the patent dispute risk index, and the patent trade level, and a comparative analysis is carried out among the United States, Japan, South Korea, Germany and China. In conclusion, China's patent development during the years from 2006 to 2015 is "fast but not in a high level", "big but not powerful". Compared with other patent powerful countries, China is not dominant and even in serious risks in the patent value chain of the key nodes in the competition, especially the increasing patent royalty deficit, which poses a certain degree of danger.