猪血中抗菌肽类物质的分离纯化和抗菌活性研究

利用酶解、脱色等技术,从新鲜猪血中分离提取抗菌肽,再经SephadexG-100凝胶层析纯化,收集各组分并检测其抗菌活性。采用琼脂糖弥散法检测猪血抗菌肽对大肠杆菌O88、金黄色葡萄球菌ACTT25923株、绿脓杆菌ACTT27853株、鸡巴氏杆菌、鸡致病性沙门氏菌自然分离株等5种细菌的作用;同时,采用扫描电镜观察了猪血抗菌肽与上述金黄色葡萄球菌和绿脓杆菌共同培养20min后细菌形态结构的改变。结果表明,猪血抗菌肽对以上各种细菌均有不同程度的抑杀作用;扫描电镜观察发现,经抗菌肽作用20min后,这两种细菌的形态结构均发生了明显的改变,表现为细菌干瘪、皱缩、表面粗糙不平、分裂繁殖停止。这表明猪血抗菌肽不仅对供试细菌的形态结构有明显的损伤作用,同时还影响细菌的生长繁殖。

Studies on Isolation, Purification and Antibacterial Activities of Antibacterial Peptides in Swine Blood

With the fresh swine blood being treated by enzymolysis and decolorization, antibacterial peptide(ABP) was isolated by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography. The samples obtained were tested against Pasteurella using agarose diffusion assay. Those showing the antibacterial activity were put into further tests. The swine blood ABP s antibacterial activity was shown with respect to 5 bacteria strains (Escherichia coli O88 , Staphylococcus aureus ACTT25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ACTT 27853, chicken Pasteurella multocida, chicken pathogenic Salmonella typhisuis isolated). The results show that the swine blood ABP was strongly active against all the bacteria strains mentioned above. Scanning electron microscopy of Staphylococcus aureus ACTT 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ACTT 27853 treated with the ABP shows that their surface became rough, as being deformed into crimpled figures and stopping multiplication. It indicates that the swine blood ABP not only damaged the bacterial structure, but also affected their multiplication.