超微滤膜去除工程纳米粒子的可行性——以聚苯乙烯纳米颗粒为例

 工程纳米粒子的广泛应用导致其直接或间接进入水环境，对生物和人类造成健康风险。为研究超微滤膜去除水体中工程纳米粒子的可行性，选用3种不同孔径的中空纤维膜对聚苯乙烯纳米颗粒进行截留，并系统考查膜对聚苯乙烯纳米颗粒的去除效果及影响因素。研究结果表明：超微滤膜能够有效去除水体中工程纳米粒子。在进水压力25~125 kPa、进水切线流速0.12~0.59 m·s^-1，以及纳米颗粒质量浓度在25~100 mg·L^-1之间，超滤膜对聚苯乙烯纳米颗粒的截留率均在90%以上；压力与纳米颗粒物质量浓度的提高导致膜对聚苯乙烯的截留率也相应提高，而进水流速对截留率的影响不明显。纳米颗粒粒径与膜孔径的比在小于1时，对截留率影响较大，膜分离10 min时的实验截留率值与Nakao模型预测值较接近。

Feasibility of removing engineered nanoparticles by hollow fiber UF/MF membrane: Case of polystyrene nanoparticles

Wide applications of engineered nanoparticles (eNPs) have potential environmental and health risks. This paper focuses on the removal of polystyrene nanoparticles by hollow fiber membranes of three different pore sizes. The effects of the running time, the inflow pressure, the flow rate, the concentration and the particle to pore diameter ratio are investigated. The results show that it is feasible to remove the eNPs by the UF/MF membrane. The retention rate is stable and there are no obvious differences after the filtration of the UF membrane for 10 minutes. The retention rate increases when the inflow pressure increases from 25 kPa to 125 kPa, the concentration increases from 25 to 100 mg·L^-1, but no obvious variation when the flow rate increases from 0.12 to 0.59 m·s^-1. The retention rate is influenced when the particle to pore diameter ratio is less than 1. The retention rate at 10 min is very close to the value predicted by the Nakao model.