聚集诱导发光材料在生物成像、疾病诊断及治疗的应用

 聚集诱导发光（AIE）从2001年提出到现在,经历了迅猛的发展。研究AIE的发光机理、设计合成新型的AIE分子,应用到人类生活的各个领域中是当前的研究热点。在生物医学应用上,AIE分子相比于传统的结构平面刚性的荧光材料具有优势。根据AIE的发光机理--分子内运动受限,研究者设计出多种点亮型的AIE探针,它们可以在生物检测中提供更低的背景和更可靠的信号。同时,由于未结合检测物的AIE探针具有低背景,使用AIE探针的应用还具有无需洗涤步骤的优点,大大节省了操作时间及减少检测样品的损失。检测形成的AIE聚集体具有优异的光稳定性和抗光漂白性,可以实现长时间的追踪和监测。目前,AIE生物探针在生物分子检测、细胞器成像、细菌成像、细胞追踪、血管成像、体内肿瘤成像与治疗等方面已经取得了众多的成果。本文介绍了AIE的提出、AIE的工作机理,AIE生物探针的构建,总结了AIE探针在生物成像、疾病诊断及治疗等不同方面的应用。

Application of aggregation-induced emission materials in bioimaging,disease diagnosis and therapy

The study of the underlying mechanism of aggregation-induced emission (AIE), design and synthesis of novel AIE molecules and their application in various fields of daily life are the current hot research topics. According to AIE mechanism of restriction of intramolecular motions, a variety of AIE probes with "turn-on" sensing feature have been designed to provide much lower background and higher signal reliability, which are particularly attractive and suitable for use in biology. Since the unbound AIE probes have a low background, the use of the AIE bioprobes also has the advantage of not requiring washing steps, which greatly saves the operation time and eliminates the loss of the samples. The formed AIE aggregates have excellent photostability and resistance to photobleaching during detection, allowing long-term tracking and monitoring. AIE bioprobes have been designed and applied to fields of biomolecular detection, cellular structure imaging, bacterial imaging, cell tracking, angiography, in vivo tumor imaging and therapy, etc. With the recently achieved numerous results, herein, we first briefly introduce the origin of AIE, then we discuss the working mechanism of AIE and the construction of AIE probes. Finally we summarize the recent works of AIE in different aspects of bioimaging, disease diagnosis and treatment.