科技强国的典型特征及其分析

 建设科技强国是当前中国的国家战略，“2049年成为世界科技强国”也已成为中国重要的发展目标。准确把握科技强国的特征，有利于发现目前存在的不足，聚焦发展的重点。科技强国是“科技能力（潜力）与科技成果”“科技硬实力与科技软实力（影响力）”“认识论、方法论及实践论”等多层次要素的有机结合，只有从科研能力、科技创新能力、科技发展范式、科技产品及工程的水平、科技标准制定、科技在国内外的影响力等多个角度着手，才能相对科学地把握科技强国的典型特征。

On the six typical characteristics of science and technology powerful country

Building a science and technology powerful country(STPC) is the national strategy of China, "Becoming the STPC by 2049" has also become an important development goal of China. Accurately grasping the characteristics of the STPC is conducive to finding out the shortcomings and focusing on the key points of development. The STPC is the organic combination of multilevel elements, such as "the capability and achievements of science and technology", "the hard strength and soft power of science and technology" and "epistemology, methodology and practice". Only from the perspectives of scientific research capacity, scientific and technological innovation ability, the development paradigm of science and technology, the level of scientific and technological products and engineering, the formulation of scientific and technological standards, and the influence of science and technology at home and abroad, can we grasp the typical characteristics of the STPC relatively scientifically.