盐湖提锂工艺——高镁锂比盐湖锂盐吸附剂研发进展

 据2019年美国地质调查局统计全球已查明锂资源量6200万t，其中59%锂资源分布在盐湖中，而绝大部分盐湖为高镁锂比盐湖，高镁锂比盐湖中锂的提取工艺更难，吸附剂可以一步直接提锂，研发循环性能高、稳定性强、制备高效的高镁锂比盐湖锂盐吸附剂迫在眉睫。根据吸附剂的制备材料和吸附机理不同，将现有吸附剂进行分类，总结了离子筛吸附剂、铝盐吸附剂、天然矿物改性吸附剂发展现状及吸附流程。对比研究发现，天然矿物改性吸附剂具有离子筛吸附剂和铝盐吸附剂提锂的所有优势，制备简单不产生废料，经济、环保、高效，在未来高镁锂比盐湖提锂工艺中应予以重点关注。

Extracting lithium from salt lake with a high magnesium-to-lithium ratio: Research progress and prospect of lithium salt adsorbents

According to the statistics of the United States Geological Survey in 2019, the world has identified 62 million tons of lithium resources, of which 59% are distributed in salt lakes. Since most of the salt lakes are high-magnesium-lithium salt lakes,. the extraction process is more difficult. It is desired to prepare an efficient high magnesium-lithium ratio salt lake adsorbent. The article classifies the existing adsorbents according into the different preparation materials and adsorption mechanisms of the adsorbent, summarizes the development status of ion sieve adsorbent, aluminum salt adsorbent, and natural mineral modified adsorbent, and summarizes the adsorption process. The comparative study shows that the natural mineral modified adsorbent has all the advantages of ion sieve adsorbent and aluminum salt adsorbent for lithium extraction. The preparation process is simple, with no waste generation, economic, environmental-friendly, high efficient, etc. In the lithium extraction process, attention should be paid to natural mineral modified adsorbents.