具有负载自适应功能的游梁式抽油机矢量控制系统

 为了减少抽油机的能耗,降低采油成本,提高系统效率,本文提出将电动机矢量控制技术应用于抽油机中,并使用模糊PID控制器使异步电动机的工作特性与游梁式抽油机载荷的变动特性相匹配.矢量控制方法实现了电动机的磁链和转矩解耦、抽油机的曲柄扭矩计算和等效力学模型确定的控制系统输入,而载荷传感器作为负载反馈,则可以根据负载控制电动机的电磁转矩电流.在抽油机运行过程中,矢量控制系统实时进行负载自适应控制,可提高电动机功率因数,降低无功功率.对具有负载自适应功能的游梁式抽油机矢量控制系统在长庆油田进行了现场试验,试验结果表明该控制系统能够实时、动态自动调整电机的转矩电流,使电机的输出转矩与抽油机的负载特性相匹配,提高了抽油机系统效率,达到节能降耗的目的.

Vector Control System of Beam Pumping Unit with Load-adaptive Function

In order to reduce the energy consumption and the production cost of the pumping unit, and improve the system efficiency, the vector control technology and the fuzzy PID are applied to the oil pumping machine, for matching the asynchronous motor's operating characteristics with the pumping unit load's characteristics. With the vector control method, the control system of the asynchronous motor can be decoupled into torque and magnetic flux subsystems, to realize the decoupling control. The input of the control system is determined by the crank torque calculation of the pumping unit and an equivalent mechanical model. According to the feedback of the load sensor, the control system can control the torque current of the asynchronous motor. In the operating process of the oil pump, the control system is working in the real-time load adaptive control mode, so that the motor power factor is improved and the reactive power is reduced. The system was tested in the Changqing oil field, and the experimental results show that the control system can automatically adjust the real-time dynamic torque motor current, to match the output torque of the motor with the load characteristics of the pumping unit, improve the efficiency of the system beam pumping unit and achieve the energy conservation.