少资料河流一维水动力水质模型概化断面参数获取方法

 水动力水质模型是河流水环境容量研究中的常用工具，中国西部大部分地区中小河流缺少断面测量数据，成为制约这些区域河流水动力水质模型构建的关键问题。为解决这一难题，提出一种利用Google Earth遥感影像提取河流多期水面宽度，结合实测最大水深获取河流概化断面参数的方法，并分别用概化断面和实测断面在MIKE11下构建少资料河流一维水动力水质模型，对两种断面模型的计算结果进行对比分析。结果表明，两种断面模型计算的水动力水质因子无显著差异；在模拟河段的上段、中段和下段，两种断面模型对水位、流速、化学需氧量（COD）浓度的计算结果基本吻合，验证了少资料河流概化断面参数获取方法的可靠性和可行性。

Determination of river cross section for 1-D water quality model in area without observation data

The hydrodynamic and water quality model is widely used in the water environmental capacity calculation. However, the establishing of the model depends very much on the cross section data, which are sometimes not available, especially in medium and small river areas of West China. In this paper, the Google Earth remote sensing images, the maximum river water depth obtained from the field measurement and a piecewise mathematical model are combined to acquire the generalized cross section data. The MIKE, the hydrodynamic and water quality model worldwidely used, is adopted to test the generalized cross section data. The 1-D hydrodynamic and water quality models are established with the generalized cross section data and the cross section data obtained from field measurement, respectively. The method is tested through a comparison of the outputs (including the water level, the flow velocity, and the pollutant density) of the two models with different cross section inputs. According to the result, no significant differences are found between the two models in the water level, the flow velocity, and the pollutant density at the upper, middle and lower sections of the simulated river segment. It is emphasized that identical parameters, except the cross section data, are used for the models. The consistency of two model outputs can be improved further through the input of the field water level, the flow velocity, and the pollutant density. This research provides a simple and convenient way to establish the cross section file for building the 1-D Hydrodynamic and quality model under the MIKE11 in the areas where the measured cross section data are not available.