城市地下联系通道火灾通风排烟设计方法

 城市地下联系通道是一种新型地下交通形式,其火灾通风排烟设计较一般城市直线型隧道更为复杂。针对地下联系通道的构造特点,提出火灾时将车行通道视为一个独立于地下车库的构筑物,依据竖井和出入口布局,利用防火卷帘将整个通道分隔成多个排烟控制区段,使烟气在设定排烟区段内沿车行方向排出地面的火灾通风排烟设计方法。以苏州火车站UTLT为依托工程,将其划分为8个排烟控制区段和3类通风排烟组织方式,利用FLUENT对典型场景火灾烟气蔓延进行模拟计算。模拟结果表明,烟气被限制在设定排烟区段内流动并排出地面,且防止了烟气逆流产生,可有效保证火源下游车辆和火源上游人员的逃生安全,验证了火灾通风排烟设计的合理性。

Design Method of Ventilation and Smoke Exhaustion Against Urban Traffic Link Tunnel Fire

The Urban Traffic Link Tunnel (UTLT) is a new type of underground transportation, with quite a few entrances to underground garages. It is more complicated to design the ventilation and smoke exhaustion for the UTLT than for a general urban straight tunnel. According to the structural features of the UTLT, the design method of ventilation and smoke exhaustion against UTLT fire is presented. The UTLT is regarded as an independent structure apart from adjacent underground garages in cases of fire. According to the layout of the ventilation shafts and the ground access, the UTLT is divided into multiple smoke control sections by the fire roller shutters. The fire smoke flows out of the ground following the travel direction in the limited smoke control zones. An UTLT is taken as an example, with eight sections and three smoke exhaust patterns. The smoke control effect of typical fire scenarios is simulated by FLUENT. The results show that the smoke is limited to the flow in the setting smoke control sections and can be exhausted out of the tunnel. And there is no back-layering flow of hot smoke, which can satisfy UTLT ventilation requirements and ensure the safe escape for people in the upstream of the fire and the vehicles in the downstream. So the design method of ventilation and smoke exhaustion against the UTLT fire is reasonable. The research results can be applied directly to the design of ventilation and smoke exhaustion for UTLTs.