近35年登陆我国台风的年际变化特征及灾害特点

根据近35年的台风资料,分析了在西北太平洋和南海海域生成台风及在我国登陆台风的年际变化特征。结果表明,近35年间在西北太平洋和南海生成的台风和热带风暴有减少的趋势,并且登陆我国的台风和热带风暴也有微弱的减少趋势,但登陆的台风(登陆时中心附近最大风速≥32.7m/s)略有增加的趋势。分析表明,7-10月是生成台风和热带风暴最为频繁的季节,生成个数占全年生成总数的71%,而在我国登陆时间主要集中在7-9月,约占全年登陆总数的78%。我国台风灾害具有发生频次高、影响范围广、受灾程度重等特点。此外,对近几年我国的台风灾害进行了总体的评估。

Review of Typhoon and Its Related Natural Disasters over the Past 35 Years in China

Interannual variability of landfall typhoon and the tropical cyclone formed in the western Pacific, including South China Sea is reviewed. On the basis of data over the past 35 years, the analysis suggests that the number of typhoon and tropical cyclone occurred in these regions shows a decreasing trend. The number of landfall tropical storms exhibits a similar decreasing manner; however, the landing typhoons (the maximum wind speed greater than 32.7 m/s) show an increasing trend over the past 35 years. The tropical storms occurred more frequently during July to October, accounting for 71%, while the landfall counterparts mainly happened during July to September, accounting for 78% of the total. The landfall typhoon could frequently attack China, affects large domain, and results in severe disasters according to the assessment of typhoon and it caused disasters.